Have you ever had period cramps that make you want to curl up in bed and do nothing? For many, period cramps can be uncomfortable and make it hard to focus on everyday activities such as school and work. But why do they happen and what can help?

What causes period cramps?

Period cramps happen when your uterus contracts to push out its lining. These contractions are caused by chemicals known as prostaglandins.

Increased levels of prostaglandins can cause more painful contractions. They can also lead to lack of blood flow to the uterus, which contributes to the pain that many people have to deal with.

Aside from menstrual cramps, some may undergo bloating, mood changes, breast tenderness, headaches, fatigue, or nausea. Everyone experiences periods differently, so symptoms can range.

What can help?

Luckily, there are several different ways to reduce the symptoms:

  • Heating pads
  • Rest and sleep
  • Hydration
  • Warm baths or showers
  • Gentle movement or stretching

However, it's important to remember that everyone's different and something that worked for one person may not work for another.

Sources

  • Mayo Clinic — Menstrual Cramps
  • ACOG — Your First Period
  • Northside Hospital — Period Cramps: What's Really Happening and When to Seek Help
  • Cleveland Clinic — Dysmenorrhea (Menstrual Cramps)